I spend a lot of time at the job playing beauty detective, getting the within scoop on the merchandise celebrity makeup performers use on their clients and the skincare picks the A-list use at home. Not quite happy with simply having access to the best brands and experts, however, countless superstars have tried their hands at creating their own beauty products-some extremely successful (hello, Fenty Beauty) and some not so much (remember Jessica Simpson’s Dessert Beauty?). But which of these celeb-stamped products have actually made the departure from gimmick to respectable beauty product? And those are worth spending your cash on? Keep scrolling for eight favorite celebrity-brand cosmetics that are good honestly.
Options for disinfection and sterilization of patient-care items and environmental surfaces. Options for disinfection and sterilization of patient-care items and environmental surfaces. Summary of advantages and disadvantages of chemical agents used as chemical sterilants or as high-level disinfectants. Summary of benefits and drawbacks of chemical agents used as chemical sterilants or as high-level disinfectants.
Semicritical items. Semicritical items are those that come in contact with mucous membranes or nonintact epidermis. Respiratory-therapy and anesthesia equipment, some endoscopes, laryngoscope blades, esophageal manometry probes, anorectal manometry catheters, and diaphragm-fitting bands are one of them category. These medical devices should be free from all microorganisms (i.e., mycobacteria, fungi, infections, and bacteria), although small numbers of bacterial spores might be present. In general, intact mucous membranes, such as those of the lungs or the gastrointestinal tract, are resistant to infection by common bacterial spores but are susceptible to other organisms, such as bacteria, mycobacteria, and viruses. The minimal requirement of semicritical items is high-level disinfection using chemical substance disinfectants.
When a disinfectant is selected for use with certain patient-care items, the chemical substance compatibility after extended use with the things to be disinfected must be considered. For example, compatibility tests by Olympus America of 7.5% hydrogen peroxide demonstrated cosmetic and practical changes in the tested endoscopes (Olympus America, personal communication). Similarly, Olympus America does not endorse the use of products formulated with hydrogen peroxide with peracetic acid, because of aesthetic and functional damage (Olympus America, personal communication).
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After rinsing, items should be dried out and then stored in a manner that defends them from damage or contamination. Noncritical items. Noncritical items are the ones that come in contact with intact skin however, not mucous membranes. Table 1 lists several low-level disinfectants that may be used for noncritical items. The exposure times for these disinfectants are 60 s or longer.
Reprocessing of endoscopes. Physicians use endoscopes to diagnose and treat numerous medical disorders. To prevent the spread of health care-associated infection, all heat-sensitive endoscopes (e.g., gastrointestinal endoscopes, bronchoscopes, and nasopharyngoscopes) must be properly cleansed and, at a minimum, put through high-level disinfection after each use. High-level disinfection can be expected to ruin all microorganisms, although a few bacterial spores can survive when high amounts of spores are present.